An edge node is a device that serves as a connection point between different networks, such as a local area network (LAN) and the internet. It is typically located at the edge of a network, hence the name, and acts as a gateway for data entering or leaving the network. Edge nodes are responsible for routing data packets to their intended destinations, as well as providing security and access control to protect the network from unauthorized access.

In addition to routing data, edge nodes often perform other functions such as caching frequently accessed data to improve performance, filtering incoming traffic to block malicious content, and optimizing data flow to reduce latency. These devices play a crucial role in modern networks, especially in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing, where data processing is done closer to the data source to reduce latency and bandwidth usage.

Overall, edge nodes are essential components of network infrastructure that help ensure efficient and secure communication between devices and networks. By handling data at the edge of the network, these devices help improve performance, reduce latency, and enhance overall network security.